Reference Tables and Property Charts
The reference tables and charts below contain properties and conversions that are commonly used when validating a light-curing process.
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HARDNESS
Durometer Hardness Scales
(Comparison Purposes Only) |
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| OO | A | D | Feels Like: |
| | 90 | Formica® |
| | 80 | Polycarbonate |
| - | 70 | |
| - | - | 58 | |
| - | - | 46 | |
| - | 90 | 39 | |
| - | 85 | 33 | |
| - | 80 | 29 | |
| - | 75 | 25 | Auto Tire Treads |
| - | 70 | 22 | |
| - | 65 | 19 | Pencil Eraser |
| - | 60 | 16 | |
| - | 55 | 14 | |
| 90 | 50 | 12 | Pink Eraser |
| 88 | 45 | 10 | |
| 86 | 40 | - | |
| 83 | 35 | - | |
| 80 | 30 | - | Rubber Band |
| 76 | 25 | - | Gummy Bear Candy |
| 70 | 20 | - | |
| 62 | 15 | - | |
| 55 | 10 | - | |
| 45 | | - | |
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TEMPERATURE CONVERSION
To Fahrenheit F° = (9/5 x C°) + 32
To Centigrade C° = (5/9) x (F°-32) |
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| °F | °C |
°F | °C | °F |
°C | °F | °C |
| -65 | -54 | 40 | 4 | 145 | 63 | 250 | 121 |
| -60 | -51 | 45 | 7 | 150 | 66 | 255 | 124 |
| -55 | -48 | 50 | 10 | 155 | 68 | 260 | 127 |
| -50 | -46 | 55 | 13 | 160 | 71 | 265 | 129 |
| -45 | -43 | 60 | 16 | 165 | 74 | 270 | 132 |
| -40 | -40 | 65 | 18 | 170 | 77 | 275 | 135 |
| -35 | -37 | 70 | 21 | 175 | 79 | 280 | 138 |
| -30 | -34 | 75 | 24 | 180 | 82 | 285 | 141 |
| -25 | -32 | 80 | 27 | 185 | 85 | 290 | 143 |
| -20 | -29 | 85 | 29 | 190 | 88 | 295 | 146 |
| -15 | -26 | 90 | 32 | 195 | 91 | 300 | 149 |
| -10 | -23 | 95 | 35 | 200 | 93 | 305 | 152 |
| -5 | -21 | 100 | 38 | 205 | 96 | 310 | 154 |
| 0 | -18 | 105 | 41 | 210 | 99 | 315 | 157 |
| 5 | -15 | 110 | 43 | 215 | 102 | 320 | 160 |
| 10 | -12 | 115 | 46 | 220 | 104 | 325 | 163 |
| 15 | -9 | 120 | 49 | 225 | 107 | 330 | 166 |
| 20 | -7 | 125 | 52 | 230 | 110 | 335 | 168 |
| 25 | -4 | 130 | 54 | 235 | 113 | 340 | 171 |
| 30 | -1 | 135 | 57 | 240 | 116 | 345 | 174 |
| 35 | 2 | 140 | 60 | 245 | 118 | 350 | 177 |
UNITS CONVERSION
| Length | 1 meter = 100 centimeters = 1,000 millimeters = 106 microns = 1.094 yards = 3.281 feet =
39.37 inches |
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| Area | 1 m2 = 10,000 cm2 = 10.76 ft2 = 1,550 in2 |
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| Volume | 1 liter = 1,000 mL = 1,000 cm3 = 0.001 m3 = 0.2642 gal = 1.0567 qt = 2.113 pt = 33.81 fluid oz =
0.3531 ft3 = 61.02 in3
1 gallon = 3.785 liters |
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| Weight | 1 kilogram = 1,000 grams = 1,000,000 milligrams = 35.27 ounces = 2.205 pounds |
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| Speed | 1 meter/min = 0.01667 meters/sec = 3.281 feet/min = 0.05467 feet/sec = 38.62 inches/min =
0.6560 inches/sec |
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| Heat Transfer & Thermal Conductivity | 1 Watt = 3.412 BTU/hr
1 W/m2°K = 0.5778 BTU/(Hr • Ft • °F) |
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| Force | 1 lb force = 4.448 Newtons |
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| Pressure | 1,000 PSI = 6.895 MPa = 70.307 kg/cm2 |
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For a more complete list of unit conversions, visit www.onlineconversion.com.
ESTIMATING MATERIAL USAGE
| Thickness of the Bond Line Gap or Coating | Theoretical Area Covered by
1 Liter of Adhesive or Coating |
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| 0.002" (51 μm) | 30,500 in2 (212 ft2) (19.7 m2) |
| 0.005" (127 μm) | 12,200 in2 (84.7 ft2) (7.88 m2) |
| 0.010" (254 μm) | 6,100 in2 (42.4 ft2) (3.94 m2) |
| 0.015" (381 μm) | 4,070 in2 (28.3 ft2) (2.63 m2) |
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| Bead Size | Theoretical Usage
(Length per Liter) |
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| 1/32" (0.79 mm) | 66,300 ft (20,200 m) |
| 1/16" (1.6 mm) | 16,600 ft (5,100 m) |
| 3/32" (2.4 mm) | 7,400 ft (2,300 m) |
| 1/8" (3.2 mm) | 4,100 ft (1,200 m) |
| 3/16" (4.8 mm) | 1,900 ft (580 m) |
| 1/4" (6.4 mm) | 1,000 ft (300 m) |
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| Common Calculations |
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| Circumference | Circle | =diameter x π |
| Area | Rectangle | =length x width |
| Circle | =radius2 x π |
| Cylindrical Surface | =diameter x length x π |
| Volume | Rectangular Solid | =length x width x height |
| Sphere | =4/3 x radius3 x π |
| Cylinder | =radius2 x π x length |
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π is approximately 3.14159. |
VISCOSITY
Approximate Viscosity
in Centipoise (cP) and
Mili-Pascals-Seconds (mPa•s)
at Room Temperature | Fluid
Comparison |
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| 1 | Water |
| 80 | Olive Oil |
| 200 | Motor Oil (SAE 30) |
| 3,000 | Honey |
| 8,000 | Molasses |
| 65,000 | Vaseline |
| 100,000 | Sour Cream |
| 150,000 - 250,000 | Peanut Butter |
INTENSITY CONVERSION TABLE
| Energy (mJ/cm2) = Intensity (mW/cm2) x Time (seconds) |
| Intensity (mW/cm2) = Energy (mJ/cm2) / Time (seconds) |
| 1,000 mJ/cm2 = 1 Joule/cm2 |
| 1,000 mW/cm2 = 1 Watt/cm2 |
| Intensity (uW/cm2) = Energy (uJ/cm2) / Time (seconds) |
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